Feb 08 2010

Independencia e Imparcialidad

Categoría: Informática LegalJoaquim Anguas @ 9:37 pm

Quiero entrar a considerar el papel de la independencia e imparcialidad en dos actividades que dependen especialmente de estos conceptos: el peritaje y el arbitraje. Me referiré a ambos, árbitros o peritos, como terceros.

Independencia e Imparcialidad

La independencia es un concepto en el que se aprecian circunstancias de facto. Se refiere en este caso a la existencia de vínculos del tercero con alguna parte o incluso con el asunto objeto del conflicto.

La imparcialidad es en cambio un concepto subjetivo. Alude a un estado mental del tercero para poder emitir una opinión con libertad y sin perjuicios.
Como se verá en apartados posteriores, la misma apariencia de parcialidad o falta de independencia puede tener efectos si existe un temor, fundado o no, de que el tercero no actúe de forma independiente y libre.

En el caso de los árbitros, diferentes los reglamentos les invitan a que pongan de manifiesto todas aquellas circunstancias que puedan influir en su idoneidad. No así en el caso de los peritos, que quedan a merced de lo que consideran las leyes procesales respecto a la tacha o la recusación. En todo caso, siendo los dictámenes periciales pruebas de libre valoración, el juzgador podrá tener en consideración los elementos que crea oportunos a la hora de decidir.

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Feb 07 2010

The Taking of Evidence in International Arbitration: considerations

Categoría: Informática LegalJoaquim Anguas @ 8:23 pm

Previous

I include the following considerations attending exclusively to my personal interest. Considering that I am not a lawyer, I may be mesmerized by concepts you may find simply obvious…

Do not take this as the transcription of what was said or the real personal oppinions of those cited, but what I understood.

Opening Adress

As an introductory address Prof. Carmine Punzi, chairman at I.S.S.A., refers to the need of a harmonization in the way that evidences are treated in international arbitration. He points that even with the help of UNCITRAL Model Law and IBA Rules of Evidence, the differences between legal cultures make this harmonization a long term goal.

When he refers to differences between legal cultures, he is referring mainly to civil vs. common law, but also to other issues in a country to country basis, citing French law’s position in regard to witnesses as an example.

While this harmonization doesn’t happen, Prof. Punzi points that it has to be arbitrators who have to get to a balance for every case, keeping in sight what the agreements of the parties are and assuring a due process.

Ms. Francesca Mazza, Counsel at ICC International Court makes a brief introduction and reminds the origin of arbitrator, from the latin “arbiter”, “a witness, judge, literally one who goes and see” (ar for ad “to” plus betere “to come”).

Mr. Mauro Ferranti, Secretary General at the Italian Arbitration Assotiation, also makes a brief introduction and Mr. Giorgio Santacroce, president of the Court of Appeal of Rome points that there’s a lack of in depth analysis of evidence in international arbitration. From Mr Santacroce point of view, the lack of analysis and consensus puts the problem in hands of the arbitrators, but this problem ends being transferred to the jurisdiction if the award is challenged.

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Feb 06 2010

The Taking of Evidence in International Arbitration: first impressions

Categoría: Informática LegalJoaquim Anguas @ 11:45 am

I am back from Rome, where I’ve had the opportunity to attend to the seminar “The Taking of Evidence in International Arbitration” organized by the Istituto Superiore Di Studi Sull’ Arbitrato (I.S.S.A.)  and ICC-WBO International Court of Arbitration.

The program was very solid and it delivered even more than expected.

All presentations were direct and to the point, but if I had to choose only one, I would say the presentation of Prof. Piero Bernardini summarized very well most of the problems that evidences face in international arbitration.

Being the talks about technical matters, and to my surprise, presentations in Italian were very easy to follow to me. Or maybe I didn’t get it too well, you will know by the following posts in which I will discuss them in detail.

I want to express my congratulations to the organizers and presenters for trying to shed some light in this very important subject.

Why do I think it is that important?

Because there’s a permeability of legal concepts between different legal cultures and this is happening in a very unstructured-uncontrolled way. Different actors in legal systems are more aware of concepts that are alien to them, sometimes because they hear about them and aren’t able to put them into the proper context, sometimes because parties in local conflicts are in fact multinational entities with an own huge inertia when it comes to litigation.

The concepts “expert witness” or “discovery” come to my mind as clear examples.

In the coming years I think that we will see a double effect to that “awareness”: first in the short term, in international arbitration the tendency that procedural rules in general and evidence rules in particular have to converge both “de jure” and “de facto” will grow; second in the long term local legal systems will adapt, adopt and maybe mutate to fit this reality, not without tensions, but I hope that at least this will happen keeping a proper coherence and context.

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Ene 30 2010

Serving search warrants in Spain: the expert witness perspective

Categoría: Informática LegalJoaquim Anguas @ 8:12 pm

Abstract

This article describes the most common schema and basic procedure in which search warrants related to computer evidence are served in Spain from the expert witness perspective, and presents a guide, concrete tools, commands and recommendations oriented to maximize the effectiveness and validity of the action.

Continue reading.

PDF.

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Dic 31 2009

image, mount, calculate hashes: examples

Categoría: 01Joaquim Anguas @ 5:46 pm

I wish you all the best for 2010!

I’ve been working in an article related to serving search warrants and I thought the following examples may be useful. They cover imaging, mounting imaged drives and calculating hashes for every file in a drive.

CASE_ID identifies the case, LOCATION_ID identifies the location where the media was seized, MEDIA_ID identifies the media device and PARTITION_ID identifies each partition into the media.

Image

This is an example for dcfldd imaging. The command calculates the MD5 hash on the fly.
See here for options’ reference.

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ date; sudo dcfldd if=/dev/sdc of=/media/disk/CASE_ID/LOCATION_ID/MEDIA_ID.dd conv=sync,noerror hashwindow=0 hashlog=MEDIA_ID_md5.txt; date

Thu Nov 16 13:18:22 UTC 2009

4883968 blocks (152624Mb) written.
4884090+1 records in
4884091+0 records out

Thu Nov 16 15:26:34 UTC 2009

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Dic 17 2009

Predator drone video transmission hacked

Categoría: (i)realidadJoaquim Anguas @ 5:46 pm

I like how guys at boingboing put this:

1 Predator drone: $4.5 million

Intercepting video from the Predator drone’s unprotected communications link: $25.95″

Subverting technology is always way cheaper than creating it.

We can expect more (and bigger) things happen following this trend.

WSJ via boingboing.

Update: Looks like not only Predator UAVs are vulnerable. Most USA warplanes are.

Update 2: And ground robots

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Dic 15 2009

COFEE vs. DECAF

Categoría: 01, Informática LegalJoaquim Anguas @ 7:48 am

COFEE is a set of tools packaged into an USB drive oriented to ease the task of first strike computer evidence collection distributed by Microsoft through INTERPOL to law enforcement agencies worldwide.

It slowly made its way to the public, getting widespread when last month showed up on the web through Cryptome.

In an exercise of posing, a group of “hackers” two average joes have released antiforensics software called DECAF dedicated to reduce or kill COFEE’s effectivity.

“We want to promote a healthy unrestricted free flow of internet traffic and show why law enforcement should not solely rely on Microsoft to automate their intelligent evidence finding” they declared to theregister.

Not to offend, but I say it’s an exercise of posing because this action in no way “promotes healthy unrestricted free flow of internet traffic” and recognising they may have a point in the reliance in Microsoft of law enforcement in the automation of their evidence collection, the fact is that in most cases it’s in Microsoft realm where evidences live and early, easy evidence collection is better than no evidence at all.

In any case, if they have concerns relating this product, which they may perfectly have, they’d better raise them disclosing the implications so everybody can balance the convenience of using COFEE or not.

At this point, some of you may be thinking I forgot to link to DECAF.

No, I din’t forget and neither did the guys at theregister or Wired…

Via theregister.

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Dic 10 2009

Solaris vs. Solaris

Categoría: SystemsJoaquim Anguas @ 8:18 pm

Most free tools used for computer forensics run on UN*X and most forensics distributions are based on Linux. At first they were based on Knoppix and later they started to use Ubuntu as a base. In the change we missed the ability to load the OS to ram. Now you need to hack it a bit to boot to ram, but I’ll talk about this some other day…

The fact is that sometimes I miss having a persistent UN*X installation.

I’ve always loved BSD flavor, partly because I’ve had good experiences with it. In 2004 we had to do video and multichannel audio transmission Montreal – Barcelona in the context of Artfutura 2004. Need to do firewall and traffic prioritization minimizing lag and without wasting the precious 100Mbps connection we got? OpenBSD + PF did the trick.

And I’ve had a long relationship with Sun operating systems since my college years, first with SUN OS and later with Solaris (you may not believe me, but once I was shutting down a SUN OS 4.1.X SPARCstation with “shutdown –g 0″ and I got a message like “does it have to be now?” before the screen got black. It was an Easter Egg, I guess…)

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Dic 05 2009

The “Evil Maid” atack

Categoría: (i)realidad, SystemsJoaquim Anguas @ 9:48 pm

German researchers from the Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology describe a method to attack disk encryption technology Bitlocker.

They present their results in a video and a paper (pdf).

Via theregister.

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Nov 30 2009

Computer Security Day 2009: “Managing Risk”

Categoría: (i)realidadJoaquim Anguas @ 5:40 pm

Hoy se celebra el Computer Security Day. Su objetivo es sensibilizar respecto a la seguridad informática y entre otras propuestas listan estas actividades.

Yo os sugiero dos lecturas para hoy:

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